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595 EAOI?AA E NNUEEA 596 oaeunoaa iaeioi?ua nieaaa?aiiua caaiau — O?ieoeee, Onoueooneee, Onieuneee, iicaiaa Naeaiaeineee e a?. A 1700 aue iino?iai Ia??eineee caaia n ianeieueeie ?oaieeaie. A oa?aiea XVIII e ia?aea XIX a. ioe?ueinu ianeieuei noeiiiuo oaa?ee, — Oaeuieineay, Iineay, iieioiyiuo—Oiaieuneay, oa?oi?i-oayiniauo oaa?ee e noaeeiaaeaoaeuiuo caaiaia — Oaeoeineee, Iie?ianeee E?eoo. aoa., ?aeaciaaeaoaeuiuo—Iao?ianeee e Ieeieaaaneee, aeiieo?aiiuo — Aeaenaia?ianeee, Eeaeineee, Eaiaineee, Ieeieaaaneee, Ieoaeeianeee e a?. Ia anao yoeo caaiaao o?a a XVIII a. ?anoe?ii i?eiaiyeny eaoi??iue o?oa. Aua a 1722 oa?neei oeacii auei aaii ?anii?y?aiea inaiai?aaiiuo io eaoi??iuo ?aaio a ?innee e iacia?aiiuo e nnueea a Nea. «iineaou e ai?aau oaeiauo iinueaou n ?aiaie e aaouie a Aao?u ia na?aa?yiua caaiau». N yoiai a?aiaie aiaieuii oe?iei noaee iieuciaaouny o?oaii eaoi??ieeia ia a iaieo Aao?ao, o.-a. a Ia??eineeo caaiaao, a ia anao e?oiiuo i?aai?eyoeyo Nea., aaa a oi a?aiy iinoiyiii auea io?aa a ?aai?eo ?oeao. A 1-e ?aoaa?oe XIX a. ia anao yoeo i?aai?eyoeyo ?aaioaei ie. 4.000 eaoi??iuo ia. iiea. Ia iaeioi?uo caaiaao, eae Iao?ianeee, O?ieoeee, Naeaiaeineee, Eaiaineee, Aeaoa?eieineee, eaoi??iuo ?aai?eo ian?eouaaeinu io 300 ai 600, a ia Aeaenaia?ianeii a 1853 ai 1.000 ?aaioa?ueo eaoi??ai. Ii ia?a oiai, eae a Nea. ?acaa?ouaaeinu oiaa?iia oic-ai, i?iaiaeeenu e oeo?oaeenu iooe niiauaiey, ?acaeaaeinu caieaaaeea, ?inea e?oiiay aiauaa?uay e ia?aaaouaa?uay i?ii-nou,—N. e eaoi??iua ?aaiou oo?aoeee nai? ?ieu a ea?anoaa iaoiaa eieiiecaoee. Eacaiiua i?aai?eyoey noaee caa?anuaaouny eee ia?aoiaeou a ?oee ?anoiuo eeo; aicieeaee e e?aiee ?anoiua oaa?eee e caaiau, ecaaaaaoea i?eiaiaiey iiaiaaieuiiai, iaei auaiaiiai o?oaa eaoi??ai e nnueuiuo. E?aiinoiua ioiioaiey ec?eaaeenu. I?iaaaaiea Nea. ?ae. ai?iae ieii?aoaeuii iiai?aaei eieiiecaoeiiiia cia?. nnueee. I?aaeoaeunoaaiiay aeanou ana ?aua e ?aua ia?eiaao iiaaa?aaou niiiaie? eieiiecaoeiiio? ?ieu E. e N. e, iaeiiao, i?eoiaeo e auaiao i oii, ?oi ana iaaa?au eieiieciaaou Neae?u N. ieacaeenu niaa?oaiii aaconiaoiuie. Aa?a n eiee?anoaaiiie noi?iiu, a niunea i?e?inoa neae?neiai ianaeaiey, ?acoeuoaou eieiiecaoee nnueuiuie auee ie?oi?iu. Ionoonoaea ii?aaaeaiiuo aaiiuo ia iicaieyao ?aoaou, eaeay aiey nia?aiaiiiai nea. ianaeaiey ia?aciaaeanu a ?acoeuoaoa inaaaiey e anoanoaaiiiai i?e?inoa nnueuiuo. Ecaanoii, ?oi ca XIX noieaoea iinooieei a Nea. ?acee?iuo eaoaai?ee nnueuiuo n eo naiuyie aieaa ieeeeiia ?aeiaae. Ec yoiai ?enea a aaenoaeoaeuiinoe inaei a Nea. n?aaieoaeuii iaaieuoia eiee?anoai. Ii aaiiui anaiauae ia?aiene 1897 nnueuiua anao eaoaai?ee ii Nea. ninoaaeyee a n?. 5,21% ianaeaiey, n ioeeiiaieai io yoie ii?iu a ioaaeuiuo ?aeiiao i?aeiouanoaaiiiai iinaeaiey nnueuiuo, i?e ?aaeii ei?aiiii e aieuiii?eoiayuai ianaeaiee, eae, iai?eia?, ii E?eooneie aoa.—14%, ia i. Naoaeeia— 31. Ii e yoo aie? ia ninoaaeyao oaeeeii oe?aieaoaany, inaaeia, caiyoia ii?aaaeaiiui aeaii oicyenoaaiiie eee neo?aaiie aayoaeuiinou? ianaeaiea. Aieuoeinoai nnueuiuo aaaao a?iay?o? ?eciu, caieiaynu e?a?ae, ieuanoaii e i?. Oae, ii aaiiui Ae. o??. oi?. ii Caaaeeaeuneie iae. ia 1 yiaa?y 1905 ec 13.200 i?eienaiiuo nnueuiuo, ia ianoa ?eneeeinu eeou 4 oun., inoaeuiua auee a aacaanoiie ioeo?ea, i?e ?ai ieiei iieiaeiu yoiai ?enea ia iieo?aei aa?a e aeaia ia ?eoaeunoai. Ii ec ?eneeaoeony ia ianoa iaiiiaea eiaee naie naiue e caieiaeenu oicyenoaii. N a?oaie noi?iiu, ianiiiaiii, ?oi a oeacaiiua 5,21% ia auei aee??aii iioiinoai nnueuiuo i?a?ieo iieieaiee e ia?aoaaoeo a e?anouyineia e a?. nineiaey. N yoie iii?aaeie i?aanoaaeaiea i aiea N. a ianoiii ianaeaiee Nea. auei au aieaa aeeceei e aaenoaeoaeuiinoe e au?aceeinu au a ian?aaiaiii aieaa aun. oeo?a. Ii e yoa oeo?a ia ii?aaauaaea au oao iaaa?a ec ?an?aoia i?aaeoaeunoaa, e-?ua aiceaaaeenu ia N. eae ia enoi?iee eieiiecaoeiiiuo eaa?ia. IV. Iauea oneiaey ioauaaiey eaoi?ae e nnueee a Neae?e. I?aaiaua e iaoa?eaeuiua oneiaey eaoi??ai e nnueuiuo a Nea. iaoiaeeenu a caaeneiinoe eae io iaueo acaeyaia oaio?. aeanoe ia ?ieu E. e N., oae e io i?iecaiea ianoiuo aeanoae. Yoe oneiaey ioee?aeenu a ioiioaiee ?acee?iuo a?oii nnueaaiuo a Nea.—a ioiioaiee iieeoe?aneeo, n iaiie noi?iiu, e oaieiaiuo, n a?oaie. Iniiaiia ?acee?ea a i?aaiaii e iaoa?eaeuiii iiei?aiee i?iaiaeeinu ia?ao N. ia iinaeaiea e eaoi?aie. Aey iiaeuiie N. ia nouanoaiaaei e.-e. iaueo i?aaee, ii?aaaeyaoeo iaoa?eaeuiia e i?aaiaia iiei?aiea nnueaaiuo. Iniiaiui iacia?aieai yoie N. auea ?ani?aaa n iiaa?aaiiie i?oiiie, noiyaoae o aeanoe, e a?aiaiiia eee iinoiyiiia oaaeaiea i?aayuae eeeeie naieo iaea. iianiuo niia?ieeia n oaeu? eo iieiiai iaaca?a?aiey. Iiaeuiue aunueaeny a Nea. eee i?inoi aac oeacaiey ianoa aai iinaeaiey (eae auei n aa-Naioe, e-?iai ia?aa?anuaaee a ?eoone, ioooaa a Aa?oieaineee ino?ia, iioii a E?eoone e, iaeiiao, a Onou-Aee?eneia ceiiaua) eee i?ee?aieyeny e e.-i. iinaeaie? a niao. ono?iaiiii ianoa caoi?aiey, eae yoi auei n ?iiaiiaui, Iaiuoeeiaui e a?., eee, iaeiiao, caee??aeny a e.-e. ino?iaa e caauaaeny iaanaaaa. Oneiaey i?aauaaiey iiaeuiuo a ianoao caoi?aiey ii?aaaeyeenu aey ea?aiai a ioaaeuiinoe, ii n nio?aiaieai aiaieuii oe?ieie noa?u oniio?aiey ianoiie aeanoe. Iiaeuiuo caee??aee a niaoeaeuiua ino?iae, eee a caieyiua o??uiu, a iiianou?e, ia?aie?eaaee a ieua, caeiauaaee a oaie, iiaaa?aaee anaaicii?iui iuoeai, ia?uaaee o ieo ooe e iica?e, iia?acuaaee ycuee. N?ieia i?aauaaiey iiaeuiuo ia ianoa caee??aiey ia ii?aaaeyeinu,—ana caaenaei io i?iaie?eoaeuiinoe i?aauaaiey o aeanoe iiaaaeoaey. Iaiaei iiaeuiuo iiaeaei a oaeeo oneiaeyo; iaeioi?ua ?a iieo?eee aicii?iinou aica?aoeouny a i?a?iaa ninoiyiea e aa?a e aeanoe. A a?. oneiaeyo ieacuaaeenu nnueaaiua a ii?yaea noaaaiuo i?eaiai?ia oaieiaiua i?anooiieee, ?aneieuieee, aiaiiiieaiiua, o?anoieee iyoa?ae e nnueaaiua iiiaueeaie e?anouyia. Ia yoio ?ac?ya nnueuiuo i?aaeoaeunoai niio?aei a naia a?aiy eae ia eieiiecaoeiiiua eaa?u e niioaaonoaaiii yoiio ii?aaaeyei eo iaoa?eaeuiia e i?aaiaia iiei?aiea. Iineieueo iaiaoiaeiui oneiaeai eieiiecaoee Nea. auei eo i?ee?aieaiea e eieiiecoaiui ?aeiiai e eniieuciaaiea eo a oaeyo ?acaeoey ?aianae e nae. oic-aa, oa?neia i?aaeoaeunoai a ?aciua a?aiaia i?eaaaaei e ?aciui ia?ii?eyoeyi, iiaouei, ii aai iiaie?, niaaenoaiaaou iiei?eo. ?ac?aoaie? caaa? eieiiecaoee. Oae ia ia?auo ii?ao a XVII a. nnueuiuo iiiauaee a ino?iaao e eniieuciaaee ia iauanoaaiiuo ?aaioao. Iicaiaa noaee ?ani?aaaeyou eo ii niioaaonoao?uei nineiaeyi «a neo?ao», «ia