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Dewey John (1859–1952) – an American philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform. Dewey was an important early developer of the philosophy of pragmatism and one of the founders of functional psychology. He was a major representative of progressive education and liberalism. Although Dewey is known best for his publications concerning education, he also wrote about many other topics, including experience, nature, art, logic, inquiry, democracy, and ethics. In his advocacy of democracy, Dewey considered two fundamental elements – schools and civil society – as being major topics needing attention and reconstruction to encourage experimental intelligence and plurality. Dewey asserted that complete democracy was to be obtained not just by extending voting rights but also by ensuring that there exists a fully formed public opinion, accomplished by effective communication among citizens, experts, and politicians, with the latter being accountable for the policies they adopt. Dialogical communication – system of relationship of the master and pupils which is under construction on the basis of a spiritual community, mutual trust, frankness, goodwill. Didactics – the part of pedagogy opening theoretical bases of education and training. Studies regularities and specifics of education and training in various types of educational institutions. Didactic method – is a teaching method that follows a consistent scientific approach or educational style to engage the student’s mind. The didactic method of instruction is often contrasted with dialectics and the Socratic method; the term can also be used to refer to a specific didactic method, as for instance constructivist didactics. Differentiated approach (in social education) – one of ways of realization of humanistic pedagogical outlook, the solution of pedagogical tasks taking into account social and psychological features of students. Disability – is defined as a reduced ability to perform tasks one would normally do at a given stage of life and that may result in stigmatization or discrimination against the person with disabilities. Disabilities affect everyone all over the world in some way. The citizens that are most affected are often the people who cannot afford the healthcare to treat their disability. Having a disability puts the person at higher risk of discrimination, poverty, and lowered life expectancy. 25