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Santa Claus Santa Claus x?ëñåíèDâäiòz – Санта-Клаус, Дед Мороз Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas, Father Christmas and simply Santa, is a figure with legendary, mythical, historical and folkloric origins who, in many western cultures, is said to bring gifts to the homes of the good children on Christmas Eve, December 24. Santa Claus is generally depicted as a portly, joyous, white-bearded man wearing a red coat with white collar and cuffs, white-cuffed red trousers, and black leather belt and boots (images of him rarely have a beard with no moustache). This image has been maintained and reinforced through song, radio, television, children’s books and films. According to a tradition which can be traced to the 1820s, Santa Claus lives at the North Pole, with a large number of magical elves, and nine flying reindeer. Since the 20th century, Santa Claus has been believed to make a list of children throughout the world, categorizing them according to their behavior (“naughty” or “nice”) and to deliver presents, including toys, and candy to all of the well-behaved children in the world, and sometimes coal to the naughty children, on the single night of Christmas Eve. Scavenger’s Daughter – (ист.) «дочь Скевинджера» (искаженная фамилия Скевингтона, коменданта Тауэра, который в царствование Генриха VIII изобрёл это орудие пытки); тиски (орудие пытки, по своему действию противоположное дыбе) The Scavenger’s Daughter was invented as an instrument of torture in the reign of Henry VIII by Sir Leonard Skeffington, Lieutenant of the Tower of London. It was an A-frame shaped metal rack to which the head was strapped to the top point of the A, the hands at the mid-point and the legs at the lower spread ends; swinging the head down and forcing the knees up in a sitting position so compressed the body as to force the blood from the nose and ears. The Scavenger’s Daughter was conceived as the perfect complement to the Duke of Exeter’s Daughter (the rack). The Scavenger’s Daughter is rarely mentioned in the documents 146